In recent decades, significant strides have been made in enhancing maternal healthcare in Australia, positioning the country as one of the safest places globally for childbirth. While obstetric complications leading to maternal mortality have decreased, a concerning trend has emerged in the realm of psychosocial causes. National data from 2011 to 2020, reported by the Australian Institute of Health and Welfare (AIHW) in 2022, indicates that suicide ranks as the third-leading cause of maternal death in Australia.
The risk of suicidal behaviour escalates significantly for women in the perinatal period, particularly for those with a history of mental illness or substance use disorder. Additional factors, such as experiences of family violence, substance misuse or childhood abuse, further compound this risk. Modini et al (2021) highlighted that those who experienced maternal suicide also tend to be younger or more likely to identify as Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander.
Not all women experiencing suicidal thoughts have a diagnosed mental illness. Many parents in the perinatal period also encounter intrusive thoughts of a suicidal nature, which, while not necessarily posing an increased risk of harm, does necessitate thoughtful intervention.
While the primary focus of this presentation is on women, emerging research suggests that fathers and non-birthing parents are also at an increased risk of experiencing thoughts of suicide during the transition to parenthood. Suicidal ideation during the perinatal period not only impacts the mother and her community but also has direct implications for infant mental health.
Gidget Foundation Australia (GFA) provides specialist bulk billed perinatal mental health services nationally. GFA is well-equipped to provide comprehensive mental healthcare that includes infants, partners, and the entire family system. A key component of addressing suicidal ideation and other risk of harm presentations lies in providing trauma-informed and culturally sensitive care.
We acknowledge the high rates of family contact with healthcare providers during this critical time and the significant opportunities for intervention. However, realising these opportunities often requires increased general awareness, a reduction in the stigma surrounding mental health treatment, and streamlined pathways into suitable services. This presentation will aim to address these components, exploring risk factors in perinatal mental health and addressing collaborative pathways in care.